Let x be the price of the notebook. Let y be the price of the pen.
2x+y=7
x+5y=8
The equation x+5y=8 is the equivalent to 2x+10y=16.
Subtract the equation 2x+y=7 from 2x+10y=16 to get
9y=9
Divide each side by 9.
y=1.
Since 1 notebook and 5 pens in $8, and each pen is $1, 5 pens is $5.
Therefore, 1 notebook costs $3 because 8-5=3.